English Abstract
Characterization of Adhesion Interlayer between Rubber and Brass by a Novel Method of Sample Preparation, Part.1.
Analysis of Adhesion Interlayer by Exposing Reaction Layer Using the Filter

Takeshi Hotaka,
Yasuhiro Ishikawa
Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
Kunio Mori
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Iwate University, Iwate, Japan
Nippon Gomu Kyokaishi, (2004), 77(3), 79-84 Original Paper in Japanese.


Abstract
Instrumental characterization of an adhesion interface in a rubber-brass system often faces a difficulty in exposing the clean surface due to the stick of the rubber residue on the brass surface. We have succeeded in isolating the interface from the rubber matrix by inserting a filter paper between rubber and brass during the vulcanization. Clean interface was obtained by removing the filter paper after the vulcanization, enabling the detailed characterization of the interface by XPS from a practical rubber formulation.
Formulation of cobalt naphthenate did not contribute to the formation of adhesion interlayer in an initial stage of cure, but greatly affected the composition of copper sulfide during the vulcanization. It was found that the dose of cobalt improved the nature of interface at aging.
It was revealed that excess growth of copper sulfide was a main feature in the humidity aging, while the growth of zinc oxide was eminent in the hot water aging. Scheme of the aging reaction that depends on the interaction between the brass and external factors such as heat, water, and oxygen was considered.
In conclusion, the XPS analysis using the specific sample preparation shown in this study was found to be a powerful technique to characterize the adhesion interlayer in not only model systems but also practical rubber formulation systems.


Keywords:
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Auger Electron Parameter, Brass Plate, Adhesion Interlayer, Filter, Copper Sulfide, Zinc Oxide
Close