English Abstract

Heterogeneous Structure in Elastomers and Polymer Nanotechnology :
Part III. Pioneering of Polymer Nanotechnologies and Their Development

Toshio NISHI
Emeritus Professor of The University of Tokyo and Tokyo Institute of Technology
Nippon Gomu Kyokaishi,(2019),92(5),188-194 General Review in Japanese

Some of the pioneering works on polymer nanotechnology by our group have been illustrated with basic concepts and several experimental evidences. They are developments of;
1) Real time pulsed NMR system using personal computer and software for analysis to calculate spin-spin relaxation time, spin-lattice relaxation time, and spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame. At the same time signal intensity for multiple relaxation time component can be analyzed. The system has been applied to study crystallization of crystalline polymers, phase separation process of polymer blends, gellation process, and so on.
2) Digital image analysis system using video-recorder, personal computer, large scale computer center and optical microscope or electron microscope to analyze images from polymeric materials quantitatively. Some examples are 2 dimensional Fourier transformation and its power spectrum calculation during phase separation and so on.
3) Polymer material oriented energy filtered three dimensional transmission electron microscope using computer tomography. By this system, we can analyze microphase separated block copolymers, nano-composites, polymer alloys and so on in three dimension.
4) Nano-mechanical property evaluation system based on atomic force microscopy. By this system, we can do nano-mechanical mapping of multiphase polymers and even nano-fishing of a single polymer chain.
The future developments in this field is also described in this paper.

Keywords: Real Time Pulsed NMR, Digital Image Analysis, Transmission Electron Microscope, Nano-mechanical Mapping, Nano-fishing, Polymer Nanotechnology, Polymer Alloys, Blends, and Composites